Atipamezole HCl
featured

    WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.

Hodoodo CAT#: H329467

CAS#: 104075-48-1 (HCl)

Description: Atipamezole is an adrenergic α2 antagonist. Atipamezole alters the behavioural effects of pramipexole and increases pramipexole concentration in blood plasma. Atipamezole reverses ketamine-dexmedetomidine anesthesia without altering the antinociceptive effects of butorphanol and buprenorphine in female C57BL/6J mice.


Chemical Structure

img
Atipamezole HCl
CAS# 104075-48-1 (HCl)

Theoretical Analysis

Hodoodo Cat#: H329467
Name: Atipamezole HCl
CAS#: 104075-48-1 (HCl)
Chemical Formula: C14H17ClN2
Exact Mass: 0.00
Molecular Weight: 248.754
Elemental Analysis: C, 67.60; H, 6.89; Cl, 14.25; N, 11.26

Price and Availability

Size Price Availability Quantity
10mg USD 220 2 Weeks
25mg USD 480 2 Weeks
Bulk inquiry

Synonym: Atipamezole

IUPAC/Chemical Name: 4-(2-ethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-yl)-1H-imidazole hydrochloride

InChi Key: PCCVCJAQMHDWJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChi Code: InChI=1S/C14H16N2.ClH/c1-2-14(13-9-15-10-16-13)7-11-5-3-4-6-12(11)8-14;/h3-6,9-10H,2,7-8H2,1H3,(H,15,16);1H

SMILES Code: CCC1(C2=CNC=N2)CC3=C(C=CC=C3)C1.[H]Cl

Appearance: Solid powder

Purity: >98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)

Shipping Condition: Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.

Storage Condition: Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).

Solubility: Soluble in DMSO

Shelf Life: >2 years if stored properly

Drug Formulation: This drug may be formulated in DMSO

Stock Solution Storage: 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).

HS Tariff Code: 2934.99.9001

More Info: Related CAS# CAS#104075-48-1 (Atipamezole hydrochloride) CAS#104054-27-5 (Atipamezole free base).

Biological target:
In vitro activity:
In vivo activity:

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 248.75 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Recalculate based on batch purity %
Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.15 mL 5.76 mL 11.51 mL
5 mM 0.23 mL 1.15 mL 2.3 mL
10 mM 0.12 mL 0.58 mL 1.15 mL
50 mM 0.02 mL 0.12 mL 0.23 mL
Formulation protocol:
In vitro protocol:
In vivo protocol:

Molarity Calculator

Calculate the mass, volume, or concentration required for a solution.
=
x
x
g/mol

*When preparing stock solutions always use the batch-specific molecular weight of the product found on the vial label and SDS / CoA (available online).

Reconstitution Calculator

The reconstitution calculator allows you to quickly calculate the volume of a reagent to reconstitute your vial. Simply enter the mass of reagent and the target concentration and the calculator will determine the rest.

=
÷

Dilution Calculator

Calculate the dilution required to prepare a stock solution.
x
=
x

1: Arun AS, Krishna S, Antony L, Pillai HC, Venkataramanappa M, Suresh S. Effective Reversible Immobilization of Captive Himalayan Black Bears (Selenarctos thibetanus laniger) with Medetomidine-Tiletamine-Zolazepam and Atipamezole. J Wildl Dis. 2016 Apr 28;52(2):400-2. doi: 10.7589/2014-08-206. PubMed PMID: 27124333.

2: McCormick PN, Fletcher PJ, Wilson VS, Remington GJ. The adrenergic α2 antagonist atipamezole alters the behavioural effects of pramipexole and increases pramipexole concentration in blood plasma. Life Sci. 2016 Apr 15;151:300-4. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.03.017. PubMed PMID: 26976325.

3: Warne LN, Beths T, Carter JE, Whittem T, Bauquier SH. Evaluation of the influence of atipamezole on the postoperative analgesic effect of buprenorphine in cats undergoing a surgical ovariohysterectomy. Vet Anaesth Analg. 2016 Jul;43(4):424-8. doi: 10.1111/vaa.12340. PubMed PMID: 26849034.

4: Kirihara Y, Takechi M, Kurosaki K, Kobayashi Y, Saito Y, Takeuchi T. Effects of an anesthetic mixture of medetomidine, midazolam, and butorphanol in rats-strain difference and antagonism by atipamezole. Exp Anim. 2016;65(1):27-36. doi: 10.1538/expanim.15-0036. PubMed PMID: 26424468; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4783648.

5: Bruniges N, Taylor PM, Yates D. Injectable anaesthesia for adult cat and kitten castration: effects of medetomidine, dexmedetomidine and atipamezole on recovery. J Feline Med Surg. 2015 Aug 11. pii: 1098612X15598550. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 26265737.

6: Lapid R, Shilo-Benjamini Y. IMMOBILIZATION OF CAPTIVE NUBIAN IBEX (CAPRA NUBIANA) WITH BUTORPHANOL-MIDAZOLAM-MEDETOMIDINE OR BUTORPHANOL-AZAPERONE-MEDETOMIDINE AND ATIPAMEZOLE REVERSAL. J Zoo Wildl Med. 2015 Jun;46(2):291-7. doi: 10.1638/2014-0202R1.1. PubMed PMID: 26056882.

7: Gentile L, Arianna M, Roberta L, Franco M, Luca R. IMMOBILIZING THE VULNERABLE APENNINE CHAMOIS (RUPICAPRA PYRENAICA ORNATA) WITH A LOW-DOSE XYLAZINE-KETAMINE COMBINATION, REVERSED WITH IDAZOXAN OR ATIPAMEZOLE. J Zoo Wildl Med. 2015 Jun;46(2):213-23. doi: 10.1638/2014-0079R.1. PubMed PMID: 26056871.

8: Kuptsova K, Kvist E, Nitzsche F, Jolkkonen J. Combined enriched environment÷atipamezole treatment transiently improves sensory functions in stroke rats independent from neurogenesis and angiogenesis. Rom J Morphol Embryol. 2015;56(1):41-7. PubMed PMID: 25826486.

9: Hasiuk MM, Brown D, Cooney C, Gunn M, Pang DS. Application of fast-track surgery principles to evaluate effects of atipamezole on recovery and analgesia following ovariohysterectomy in cats anesthetized with dexmedetomidine-ketamine-hydromorphone. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2015 Mar 15;246(6):645-53. doi: 10.2460/javma.246.6.645. PubMed PMID: 25719847.

10: Izer JM, Whitcomb TL, Wilson RP. Atipamezole reverses ketamine-dexmedetomidine anesthesia without altering the antinociceptive effects of butorphanol and buprenorphine in female C57BL/6J mice. J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci. 2014 Nov;53(6):675-83. PubMed PMID: 25650975; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4253582.

11: Ueoka N, Hikasa Y. Effects in cats of atipamezole, flumazenil and 4-aminopyridine on stress-related neurohormonal and metabolic responses induced by medetomidine, midazolam and ketamine. J Feline Med Surg. 2015 Aug;17(8):711-8. doi: 10.1177/1098612X14556557. PubMed PMID: 25366173.

12: Murahata Y, Miki Y, Hikasa Y. Antagonistic effects of atipamezole, yohimbine, and prazosin on xylazine-induced diuresis in clinically normal cats. Can J Vet Res. 2014 Oct;78(4):304-15. PubMed PMID: 25356000; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4170770.

13: Kirihara Y, Takechi M, Kurosaki K, Kobayashi Y, Saito Y, Takeuchi T. Anesthetic effects of a three-drugs mixture--comparison of administrative routes and antagonistic effects of atipamezole in mice. Exp Anim. 2015;64(1):39-47. doi: 10.1538/expanim.14-0039. PubMed PMID: 25223384; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4329514.

14: de Paiva AL, Nunes TL, de Oliveira MG, de Morais AM, Dos Santos EA, Silva AR, de Oliveira MF, de Paula VV. Effects of atipamezole and medetomidine administration on seminal variables and functions of erection and ejaculation of the collared peccary (Tayassu tajacu) after electroejaculation. BMC Vet Res. 2014 Aug 8;10:170. doi: 10.1186/s12917-014-0170-2. PubMed PMID: 25103781; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4236823.

15: Chirife AD, Millán J. Field immobilization of wood mice (Apodemus sylvaticus) with medetomidine and ketamine and antagonism with atipamezole. J Wildl Dis. 2014 Oct;50(4):961-3. doi: 10.7589/2013-10-261. PubMed PMID: 25098298.

16: Hornak S, Liptak T, Ledecky V, Hromada R, Bilek J, Mazensky D, Petrovic V. A preliminary trial of the sedation induced by intranasal administration of midazolam alone or in combination with dexmedetomidine and reversal by atipamezole for a short-term immobilization in pigeons. Vet Anaesth Analg. 2015 Mar;42(2):192-6. doi: 10.1111/vaa.12187. PubMed PMID: 25060736.

17: Masuda T, Inoue T, An Y, Takamura N, Nakagawa S, Kitaichi Y, Koyama T, Kusumi I. Effect of the coadministration of citalopram with mirtazapine or atipamezole on rat contextual conditioned fear. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2014 Feb 11;10:289-95. doi: 10.2147/NDT.S55507. PubMed PMID: 24627635; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3931693.

18: Sente C, Meisingset EL, Evans AL, Wedul SJ, Zimmermann B, Arnemo JM. Reversible immobilization of free-ranging red deer (Cervus elaphus) with xylazine-tiletamine-zolazepam and atipamezole. J Wildl Dis. 2014 Apr;50(2):359-63. doi: 10.7589/2012-10-267. PubMed PMID: 24506427.

19: Murahata Y, Yamamoto A, Miki Y, Hikasa Y. Antagonistic effects of atipamezole, yohimbine and prazosin on medetomidine-induced diuresis in healthy cats. J Vet Med Sci. 2014 Mar 1;76(2):173-82. PubMed PMID: 24107430; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3982822.

20: Rainwater KL, Valitutto MT, Kalk P, Moore RP, Sykes JM. Comparison of two injectable immobilization combinations in Himalayan tahr (Hemitragus jemlahicus): medetomidine, ketamine, and atipamezole versus carfentanil, xylazine, naltrexone, and atipamezole. J Zoo Wildl Med. 2013 Sep;44(3):596-604. PubMed PMID: 24063087.