WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.
Hodoodo CAT#: H414740
CAS#: 3486-67-7 (free base)
Description: Palmatine Free Base is a protoberberine alkaloid found in several plants including Phellodendron amurense, Coptis Chinensis and Corydalis yanhusuo, Tinospora cordifolia, Tinospora sagittata, Phellodendron amurense, Stephania yunnanensis. It is the major component of the protoberberine extract from Enantia chlorantha.
Hodoodo Cat#: H414740
Name: Palmatine Free Base
CAS#: 3486-67-7 (free base)
Chemical Formula: C21H22NO4+
Exact Mass: 352.15
Molecular Weight: 352.410
Elemental Analysis: C, 71.57; H, 6.29; N, 3.97; O, 18.16
Related CAS #: 4880-79-9 (iodide); 3486-67-7 (free base); 10605-02-4 (Cl)
Synonym: Palmatine Free Base; BRN1555498; BRN-1555498; BRN 1555498; Berbericinine
IUPAC/Chemical Name: 5,6-Dihydro-2,3,9,10-tetramethoxydibenzo(a,g)quinolizinium
InChi Key: QUCQEUCGKKTEBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code: InChI=1S/C21H22NO4/c1-23-18-6-5-13-9-17-15-11-20(25-3)19(24-2)10-14(15)7-8-22(17)12-16(13)21(18)26-4/h5-6,9-12H,7-8H2,1-4H3/q+1
SMILES Code: COC1=C(OC)C2=C[N+]3=C(C4=CC(OC)=C(OC)C=C4CC3)C=C2C=C1
Appearance: Solid powder
Purity: >98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition: Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition: Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility: To be determined
Shelf Life: >2 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation: To be determined
Stock Solution Storage: 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code: 2934.99.9001
More Info:
Biological target: | |
In vitro activity: | |
In vivo activity: |
The following data is based on the product molecular weight 352.41 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.
Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
---|---|---|---|
1 mM | 1.15 mL | 5.76 mL | 11.51 mL |
5 mM | 0.23 mL | 1.15 mL | 2.3 mL |
10 mM | 0.12 mL | 0.58 mL | 1.15 mL |
50 mM | 0.02 mL | 0.12 mL | 0.23 mL |
Formulation protocol: | |
In vitro protocol: | |
In vivo protocol: |
1: Long J, Song J, Zhong L, Liao Y, Liu L, Li X. Palmatine: A review of its pharmacology, toxicity and pharmacokinetics. Biochimie. 2019 Jul;162:176-184. doi: 10.1016/j.biochi.2019.04.008. Epub 2019 Apr 30. PMID: 31051209.
2: Mai CT, Wu MM, Wang CL, Su ZR, Cheng YY, Zhang XJ. Palmatine attenuated dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis via promoting mitophagy-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome inactivation. Mol Immunol. 2019 Jan;105:76-85. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.10.015. Epub 2018 Nov 27. PMID: 30496979.
3: Ekeuku SO, Pang KL, Chin KY. Palmatine as an Agent Against Metabolic Syndrome and Its Related Complications: A Review. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2020 Nov 17;14:4963-4974. doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S280520. PMID: 33235437; PMCID: PMC7680161.
4: Tarabasz D, Kukula-Koch W. Palmatine: A review of pharmacological properties and pharmacokinetics. Phytother Res. 2020 Jan;34(1):33-50. doi: 10.1002/ptr.6504. Epub 2019 Sep 8. PMID: 31496018.
5: Zhang XJ, Yuan ZW, Qu C, Yu XT, Huang T, Chen PV, Su ZR, Dou YX, Wu JZ, Zeng HF, Xie Y, Chen JN. Palmatine ameliorated murine colitis by suppressing tryptophan metabolism and regulating gut microbiota. Pharmacol Res. 2018 Nov;137:34-46. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.09.010. Epub 2018 Sep 19. PMID: 30243842.
6: Liu L, He L, Yin C, Huang R, Shen W, Ge H, Sun M, Li S, Gao Y, Xiong W. Effects of palmatine on BDNF/TrkB-mediated trigeminal neuralgia. Sci Rep. 2020 Mar 19;10(1):4998. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-61969-1. PMID: 32193501; PMCID: PMC7081188.
7: Chaves SKM, Afzal MI, Islam MT, Hameed A, Da Mata AMOF, Da Silva Araújo L, Ali SW, Rolim HML, De Medeiros MDGF, Costa EV, Salehi B, Martins N, Arif AM, Imran M, Sharifi-Rad J, Melo-Cavalcante AAC, Feitosa CM. Palmatine antioxidant and anti-acetylcholinesterase activities: A pre-clinical assessment. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2020 Jun 25;66(4):54-59. PMID: 32583771.
8: Ma H, Zhang Y, Wang J, Guo W, Hu G, Xie S, Yang Z, Liu J, Fu S. Palmatine attenuates LPS-induced inflammatory response in mouse mammary epithelial cells through inhibiting ERK1/2, P38 and Akt/NF-кB signalling pathways. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2021 Jan;105(1):183-190. doi: 10.1111/jpn.13440. Epub 2020 Aug 31. PMID: 32865324.
9: Tian X, Zhang Y, Li H, Li Y, Wang N, Zhang W, Ma B. Palmatine ameliorates high fat diet induced impaired glucose tolerance. Biol Res. 2020 Sep 14;53(1):39. doi: 10.1186/s40659-020-00308-0. PMID: 32928312; PMCID: PMC7491132.
10: He L, Liu L, Guan S, Zheng X, Ge H, Yin C, Shen Y, Tan M, Wang C, Gao Y, Xiong W. Palmatine alleviates hyperalgesia by inhibiting the expression of calcitonin gene-related peptide in the trigeminal ganglion of rats with chronic constriction injury of the infraorbital nerve. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2020 May;58(4):443-450. doi: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2020.01.031. Epub 2020 Mar 2. PMID: 32139146.