Marimastat (BB-2516)
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Hodoodo CAT#: H201802

CAS#: 154039-60-8

Description: Marimastat, aslo known as BB-2516 and TA-2516, is an orally-active synthetic hydroxamate and inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases with potential antineoplastic activity. Marimastat covalently binds to the zinc(II) ion in the active site of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), thereby inhibiting the action of MMPs, inducing extracellular matrix degradation, and inhibiting angiogenesis, tumor growth and invasion, and metastasis. This agent may also inhibit tumor necrosis factor-alpha converting enzyme (TACE), an enzyme involved in tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) production that may play a role in some malignancies as well as in the development of arthritis and sepsis.


Chemical Structure

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Marimastat (BB-2516)
CAS# 154039-60-8

Theoretical Analysis

Hodoodo Cat#: H201802
Name: Marimastat (BB-2516)
CAS#: 154039-60-8
Chemical Formula: C15H29N3O5
Exact Mass: 331.21
Molecular Weight: 331.410
Elemental Analysis: C, 54.36; H, 8.82; N, 12.68; O, 24.14

Price and Availability

Size Price Availability Quantity
25mg USD 450 2 Weeks
50mg USD 750 2 Weeks
100mg USD 1250 2 Weeks
200mg USD 1950 2 Weeks
500mg USD 2950 2 Weeks
1g USD 3950 2 Weeks
2g USD 6950 2 Weeks
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Synonym: BB-2516; BB2516; BB 2516; TA-2516; TA2516; TA 2516; Marimastat.

IUPAC/Chemical Name: (2R,3S)-N1-((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-(methylamino)-1-oxobutan-2-yl)-N4,3-dihydroxy-2-isobutylsuccinamide

InChi Key: BSGICWROEOGEDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChi Code: InChI=1S/C9H20Cl2N2O5PS2/c10-2-4-13(5-3-11)19(14)12-9(1-6-18-19)20-7-8-21(15,16)17/h9,12,19H,1-8H2,(H,15,16,17)/q-1

SMILES Code: O=C(N[C@@H](C(C)(C)C)C(NC)=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)[C@H](O)C(NO)=O

Appearance: White to off-white solid powder

Purity: >98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)

Shipping Condition: Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.

Storage Condition: Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).

Solubility: Soluble in DMSO, not soluble in water.

Shelf Life: >5 years if stored properly

Drug Formulation: This drug may be formulated in DMSO

Stock Solution Storage: 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).

HS Tariff Code: 2934.99.9001

More Info: Acoording to wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marimastat), Marimastat was a proposed antineoplastic drug developed by British Biotech. It acted as a broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor. Marimastat performed poorly in clinical trials, and development was terminated

Biological target: Marimastat (BB2516) is a broad spectrum and orally bioavailable inhibitor of MMPs, with potent activity against MMP-9 (IC50=3 nM), MMP-1 (IC50=5 nM), MMP-2 (IC50=6 nM), MMP-14 (IC50=9 nM) and MMP-7 (IC50=13 nM), used in the treatment of cancer.
In vitro activity: The inhibitory effects of marimastat in hippocampal neurons that were cultured were first tested in vitro on 7 days in vitro (DIV 7). To determine the minimum effective dose, marimastat was used at the following concentrations: 5 nM, 0.5 μM, 5 μM, 40 μM, and 100 μM. Cells were incubated with marimastat for 30 min in medium supplementation, and then the cultures were treated with glutamate to stimulate neuronal cell activity, leading to the release of MMP-9. Control cultures were treated with either glutamate or glutamate in the presence of MMP-9 inhibitor. MMP-9 activity was assessed by cleavage of the MMP-9 substrate nectin-337. The partial degradation of nectin-3 occurs through proteolytic shedding of the extracellular N-terminal domain and subsequent cleavage of the intracellular domain. The basal level of nectin-3 by immunoblotting and the presence of the cleaved fragment (~ 17 kDa) of this protein was evaluated. As a reference protein, β-actin was used. It was found that marimastat inhibited the MMP-9-dependent cleavage of nectin-3 at 0.5 μM, and nectin-3 cleavage was completely inhibited by 5 μM marimastat. Reference: Sci Rep. 2020 Dec 4;10(1):21314. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33277582/
In vivo activity: To investigate the effects of marimastat in vivo, a pro-convulsive KA injection, a well-established mouse model of status epilepticus and subsequent epileptogenesis, was used. In this model, KA is administered intraperitoneally, which leads to seizures that are indicative of pro-epileptogenic status epilepticus. To evaluate the inhibitory effect of marimastat on MMP-9, the mice were injected intraperitoneally with marimastat (9 mg/kg) 1 h before KA administration. To assess whether marimastat inhibits MMP-9 in the brain, the hippocampus was isolated 6 h after the KA injection, and an immunoblotting assay was performed to detect the cleavage of nectin-3 protein. We found that marimastat administration reduced the enzymatic cleavage of nectin-3 by 66%, reflected by the optical density of the 17 kDa nectin-3 fragment (p = 0.0022; Fig. 3). Reference: Sci Rep. 2020 Dec 4;10(1):21314. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33277582/

Solubility Data

Solvent Max Conc. mg/mL Max Conc. mM
Solubility
DMSO 54.3 163.80

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 331.41 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Recalculate based on batch purity %
Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.15 mL 5.76 mL 11.51 mL
5 mM 0.23 mL 1.15 mL 2.3 mL
10 mM 0.12 mL 0.58 mL 1.15 mL
50 mM 0.02 mL 0.12 mL 0.23 mL
Formulation protocol: 1. Pijet B, Konopka A, Rejmak E, Stefaniuk M, Khomiak D, Bulska E, Pikul S, Kaczmarek L. The matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor marimastat inhibits seizures in a model of kainic acid-induced status epilepticus. Sci Rep. 2020 Dec 4;10(1):21314. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-78341-y. PMID: 33277582; PMCID: PMC7718901. 2. van Wijngaarden J, Snoeks TJ, van Beek E, Bloys H, Kaijzel EL, van Hinsbergh VW, Löwik CW. An in vitro model that can distinguish between effects on angiogenesis and on established vasculature: actions of TNP-470, marimastat and the tubulin-binding agent Ang-510. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2010 Jan 8;391(2):1161-5. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.11.097. Epub 2009 Dec 14. PMID: 20004648. 3. . Robertson E, Harcus Y, Johnston CJC, Page AP, Walkinshaw MD, Maizels RM, Houston D. DEMONSTRATION OF THE ANTHELMINTIC POTENCY OF MARIMASTAT IN THE HELIGMOSOMOIDES POLYGYRUS RODENT MODEL. J Parasitol. 2018 Aug 29. doi: 10.1645/18-33. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 30085900.
In vitro protocol: 1. Pijet B, Konopka A, Rejmak E, Stefaniuk M, Khomiak D, Bulska E, Pikul S, Kaczmarek L. The matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor marimastat inhibits seizures in a model of kainic acid-induced status epilepticus. Sci Rep. 2020 Dec 4;10(1):21314. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-78341-y. PMID: 33277582; PMCID: PMC7718901. 2. van Wijngaarden J, Snoeks TJ, van Beek E, Bloys H, Kaijzel EL, van Hinsbergh VW, Löwik CW. An in vitro model that can distinguish between effects on angiogenesis and on established vasculature: actions of TNP-470, marimastat and the tubulin-binding agent Ang-510. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2010 Jan 8;391(2):1161-5. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.11.097. Epub 2009 Dec 14. PMID: 20004648.
In vivo protocol: 1. Robertson E, Harcus Y, Johnston CJC, Page AP, Walkinshaw MD, Maizels RM, Houston D. DEMONSTRATION OF THE ANTHELMINTIC POTENCY OF MARIMASTAT IN THE HELIGMOSOMOIDES POLYGYRUS RODENT MODEL. J Parasitol. 2018 Aug 29. doi: 10.1645/18-33. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 30085900. 2. Pijet B, Konopka A, Rejmak E, Stefaniuk M, Khomiak D, Bulska E, Pikul S, Kaczmarek L. The matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor marimastat inhibits seizures in a model of kainic acid-induced status epilepticus. Sci Rep. 2020 Dec 4;10(1):21314. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-78341-y. PMID: 33277582; PMCID: PMC7718901.

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  1: Underwood C, Collins SN, van Eps AW, Mills PC, Allavena RE, Bailey SR, Medina Torres CE, Meizler A, Pollitt CC. Intraosseous infusion of the distal phalanx compared to systemic intravenous infusion for marimastat delivery to equine lamellar tissue. Vet J. 2015 May 19. pii: S1090-0233(15)00216-6. doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.05.010. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 26073286.

2: Underwood C, Collins SN, Mills PC, Van Eps AW, Allavena RE, Medina Torres CE, Pollitt CC. Regional intravenous limb perfusion compared to systemic intravenous administration for marimastat delivery to equine lamellar tissue. J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 2015 Aug;38(4):392-9. doi: 10.1111/jvp.12198. Epub 2015 Jan 30. PubMed PMID: 25641095.

3: Yu M, Lim NH, Ellis S, Nagase H, Triccas JA, Rutledge PJ, Todd MH. Incorporation of Bulky and Cationic Cyclam-Triazole Moieties into Marimastat Can Generate Potent MMP Inhibitory Activity without Inducing Cytotoxicity. ChemistryOpen. 2013 Jun;2(3):99-105. doi: 10.1002/open.201300014. Epub 2013 Jun 12. PubMed PMID: 24551546; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3703814.

4: Sinno M, Biagioni S, Ajmone-Cat MA, Pafumi I, Caramanica P, Medda V, Tonti G, Minghetti L, Mannello F, Cacci E. The matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor marimastat promotes neural progenitor cell differentiation into neurons by gelatinase-independent TIMP-2-dependent mechanisms. Stem Cells Dev. 2013 Feb 1;22(3):345-58. doi: 10.1089/scd.2012.0299. Epub 2012 Dec 7. PubMed PMID: 23098139.

5: Lenger J, Kaschani F, Lenz T, Dalhoff C, Villamor JG, Köster H, Sewald N, van der Hoorn RA. Labeling and enrichment of Arabidopsis thaliana matrix metalloproteases using an active-site directed, marimastat-based photoreactive probe. Bioorg Med Chem. 2012 Jan 15;20(2):592-6. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.06.068. Epub 2011 Jun 29. PubMed PMID: 21775155.

6: auf dem Keller U, Bellac CL, Li Y, Lou Y, Lange PF, Ting R, Harwig C, Kappelhoff R, Dedhar S, Adam MJ, Ruth TJ, Bénard F, Perrin DM, Overall CM. Novel matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor [18F]marimastat-aryltrifluoroborate as a probe for in vivo positron emission tomography imaging in cancer. Cancer Res. 2010 Oct 1;70(19):7562-9. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-10-1584. Epub 2010 Aug 20. PubMed PMID: 20729277.

7: van Wijngaarden J, Snoeks TJ, van Beek E, Bloys H, Kaijzel EL, van Hinsbergh VW, Löwik CW. An in vitro model that can distinguish between effects on angiogenesis and on established vasculature: actions of TNP-470, marimastat and the tubulin-binding agent Ang-510. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2010 Jan 8;391(2):1161-5. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.11.097. Epub 2009 Dec 14. PubMed PMID: 20004648.

8: Skipper JB, McNally LR, Rosenthal EL, Wang W, Buchsbaum DJ. In vivo efficacy of marimastat and chemoradiation in head and neck cancer xenografts. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec. 2009;71(1):1-5. doi: 10.1159/000163217. Epub 2008 Oct 16. PubMed PMID: 18931526; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2700630.

9: Nénan S, Lagente V, Planquois JM, Hitier S, Berna P, Bertrand CP, Boichot E. Metalloelastase (MMP-12) induced inflammatory response in mice airways: effects of dexamethasone, rolipram and marimastat. Eur J Pharmacol. 2007 Mar 15;559(1):75-81. Epub 2006 Dec 12. PubMed PMID: 17234180.

10: Failes TW, Hambley TW. Towards bioreductively activated prodrugs: Fe(III) complexes of hydroxamic acids and the MMP inhibitor marimastat. J Inorg Biochem. 2007 Mar;101(3):396-403. Epub 2006 Nov 15. PubMed PMID: 17197030.

11: Failes TW, Cullinane C, Diakos CI, Yamamoto N, Lyons JG, Hambley TW. Studies of a cobalt(III) complex of the MMP inhibitor marimastat: a potential hypoxia-activated prodrug. Chemistry. 2007;13(10):2974-82. PubMed PMID: 17171733.

12: Groves MD, Puduvalli VK, Conrad CA, Gilbert MR, Yung WK, Jaeckle K, Liu V, Hess KR, Aldape KD, Levin VA. Phase II trial of temozolomide plus marimastat for recurrent anaplastic gliomas: a relationship among efficacy, joint toxicity and anticonvulsant status. J Neurooncol. 2006 Oct;80(1):83-90. Epub 2006 Apr 25. PubMed PMID: 16639492.

13: Levin VA, Phuphanich S, Yung WK, Forsyth PA, Maestro RD, Perry JR, Fuller GN, Baillet M. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of marimastat in glioblastoma multiforme patients following surgery and irradiation. J Neurooncol. 2006 Jul;78(3):295-302. Epub 2006 Apr 25. PubMed PMID: 16636750.

14: Zucker S, Wang M, Sparano JA, Gradishar WJ, Ingle JN, Davidson NE; Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group. Plasma matrix metalloproteinases 7 and 9 in patients with metastatic breast cancer treated with marimastat or placebo: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group trial E2196. Clin Breast Cancer. 2006 Feb;6(6):525-9. PubMed PMID: 16595036.

15: Rosenbaum E, Zahurak M, Sinibaldi V, Carducci MA, Pili R, Laufer M, DeWeese TL, Eisenberger MA. Marimastat in the treatment of patients with biochemically relapsed prostate cancer: a prospective randomized, double-blind, phase I/II trial. Clin Cancer Res. 2005 Jun 15;11(12):4437-43. PubMed PMID: 15958628.

16: Bruce C, Thomas PS. The effect of marimastat, a metalloprotease inhibitor, on allergen-induced asthmatic hyper-reactivity. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2005 Jun 1;205(2):126-32. PubMed PMID: 15893540.

17: Goffin JR, Anderson IC, Supko JG, Eder JP Jr, Shapiro GI, Lynch TJ, Shipp M, Johnson BE, Skarin AT. Phase I trial of the matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor marimastat combined with carboplatin and paclitaxel in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2005 May 1;11(9):3417-24. PubMed PMID: 15867243.

18: Sparano JA, Bernardo P, Stephenson P, Gradishar WJ, Ingle JN, Zucker S, Davidson NE. Randomized phase III trial of marimastat versus placebo in patients with metastatic breast cancer who have responding or stable disease after first-line chemotherapy: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group trial E2196. J Clin Oncol. 2004 Dec 1;22(23):4683-90. Erratum in: J Clin Oncol. 2005 Jan 1;23(1):248. PubMed PMID: 15570070.

19: Jones PH, Christodoulos K, Dobbs N, Thavasu P, Balkwill F, Blann AD, Caine GJ, Kumar S, Kakkar AJ, Gompertz N, Talbot DC, Ganesan TS, Harris AL. Combination antiangiogenesis therapy with marimastat, captopril and fragmin in patients with advanced cancer. Br J Cancer. 2004 Jul 5;91(1):30-6. PubMed PMID: 15162145; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2364746.

20: Jenssen K, Sewald K, Sewald N. Synthesis of marimastat and a marimastat conjugate for affinity chromatography and surface plasmon resonance studies. Bioconjug Chem. 2004 May-Jun;15(3):594-600. PubMed PMID: 15149188.