WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.
Hodoodo CAT#: H406132
CAS#: 22978-25-2
Description: GW9662 is a potent, irreversible and selective PPARgamma antagonist, which prevented activation of PPARgamma and inhibited growth of human mammary tumour cell lines. GW9662 may permit use of anti-ER strategies to inhibit breast cancer in ER- patients.
Hodoodo Cat#: H406132
Name: GW9662
CAS#: 22978-25-2
Chemical Formula: C13H9ClN2O3
Exact Mass: 276.03
Molecular Weight: 276.670
Elemental Analysis: C, 56.43; H, 3.28; Cl, 12.81; N, 10.13; O, 17.35
Synonym: GW9662; GW-9662; GW 9662
IUPAC/Chemical Name: 2-Chloro-5-nitro- N -phenylbenzamide
InChi Key: DNTSIBUQMRRYIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code: InChI=1S/C13H9ClN2O3/c14-12-7-6-10(16(18)19)8-11(12)13(17)15-9-4-2-1-3-5-9/h1-8H,(H,15,17)
SMILES Code: O=C(NC1=CC=CC=C1)C2=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=CC=C2Cl
Appearance: Solid powder
Purity: >98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition: Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition: Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility: Soluble in DMSO, not in water
Shelf Life: >2 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation: This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage: 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code: 2934.99.9001
More Info:
| Biological target: | GW9662 is a potent and selective PPARγ antagonist with an IC50 of 3.3 nM, showing 10 and 1000-fold selectivity over PPARα and PPARδ, respectively. |
| In vitro activity: | To confirm that a compound regulates PLIN2 expression via PPARγ, experiments using the widely used PPARγ antagonist 2-chloro-5-nitro-N-phenylbenzamide (GW9662) were performed. Instead of blocking upregulation of PLIN2 expression in THP-1 macrophages, expression was concentration-dependently induced by GW9662 at concentrations and under conditions commonly used. It was found that this unexpected upregulation occurs in many human and murine macrophage cell models and also primary cells. Profiling expression of PPAR target genes showed upregulation of several genes involved in lipid uptake, transport, and storage as well as fatty acid synthesis by GW9662. In line with this and with upregulation of PLIN2 protein, GW9662 elevated lipogenesis and increased triglyceride levels. Finally, we identified PPARδ as a mediator of the substantial unexpected effects of GW9662. Reference: Mol Pharmacol. 2020 Mar;97(3):212-225. http://molpharm.aspetjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=31871304 |
| In vivo activity: | Administration of GW9662 to rats subjected to I/R did not result in any significant alteration in all the markers measured when compared to control rats only (Figure 1,Figure 2,Figure 3,Figure 4) . Similarly, administration of GW9662 to sham-operated rats had no significant effect on all the markers measured when compared to sham-operated rats only (Figure 1,Figure 2,Figure 3,Figure 4). Administration of GW9662 in LPS-treated rats produced an increase in FENa, similar to that measured in control rats (I/R only), thus abolishing the protective effect mediated by LPS (Figure 2). Rats subjected to renal I/R that received LPS produced a significantly greater volume of urine compared to rats subjected to renal I/R alone (Figure 3). Administration of GW9662 to LPS-pretreated rats abolished this rise in urine flow (Figure 3). Reference: Kidney Int. 2005 Aug;68(2):529-36. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0085-2538(15)50872-7 |
| Solvent | Max Conc. mg/mL | Max Conc. mM | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Solubility | |||
| DMSO | 100.0 | 361.43 |
The following data is based on the product molecular weight 276.67 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.
| Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 mM | 1.15 mL | 5.76 mL | 11.51 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.23 mL | 1.15 mL | 2.3 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.12 mL | 0.58 mL | 1.15 mL |
| 50 mM | 0.02 mL | 0.12 mL | 0.23 mL |
| Formulation protocol: | |
| In vitro protocol: | 1. Schubert M, Becher S, Wallert M, Maeß MB, Abhari M, Rennert K, Mosig AS, Große S, Heller R, Grün M, Lorkowski S. The Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor (PPAR)-γ Antagonist 2-Chloro-5-Nitro-N-Phenylbenzamide (GW9662) Triggers Perilipin 2 Expression via PPARδ and Induces Lipogenesis and Triglyceride Accumulation in Human THP-1 Macrophages. Mol Pharmacol. 2020 Mar;97(3):212-225. doi: 10.1124/mol.119.117887. Epub 2019 Dec 23. PMID: 31871304. 2. Leesnitzer LM, Parks DJ, Bledsoe RK, Cobb JE, Collins JL, Consler TG, Davis RG, Hull-Ryde EA, Lenhard JM, Patel L, Plunket KD, Shenk JL, Stimmel JB, Therapontos C, Willson TM, Blanchard SG. Functional consequences of cysteine modification in the ligand binding sites of peroxisome proliferator activated receptors by GW9662. Biochemistry. 2002 May 28;41(21):6640-50. doi: 10.1021/bi0159581. PMID: 12022867. |
| In vivo protocol: | 1. Collino M, Patel NS, Lawrence KM, Collin M, Latchman DS, Yaqoob MM, Thiemermann C. The selective PPARgamma antagonist GW9662 reverses the protection of LPS in a model of renal ischemia-reperfusion. Kidney Int. 2005 Aug;68(2):529-36. doi: 10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.00430.x. PMID: 16014029. |
1: Jaudszus A, Lorkowski S, Gruen M, Roth A, Jahreis G. Limited Applicability of GW9662 to Elucidate PPARγ-Mediated Fatty Acid Effects in Primary Human T-Helper Cells. Int J Inflam. 2014;2014:149628. doi: 10.1155/2014/149628. Epub 2014 Jun 25. PubMed PMID: 25054074; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4099290.
