WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.
Hodoodo CAT#: H319715
CAS#: 864731-61-3
Description: Fluralaner, also known as AH252723, is a systemic insecticide and acaricide that is administered orally. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved it under the trade name Bravecto for flea treatment in dogs in May 2014. The EU approved the drug in February 2014. Fluralaner inhibits γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-gated chloride channels (GABACls) and l-glutamate-gated chloride channels (GluCls).
Hodoodo Cat#: H319715
Name: Fluralaner
CAS#: 864731-61-3
Chemical Formula: C22H17Cl2F6N3O3
Exact Mass: 555.06
Molecular Weight: 556.286
Elemental Analysis: C, 47.50; H, 3.08; Cl, 12.75; F, 20.49; N, 7.55; O, 8.63
Synonym: AH252723; AH-252723; AH 252723; A-1443; A1443; A 1443; Fluralaner, trade name: Bravecto.
IUPAC/Chemical Name: 4-(5-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-yl)-2-methyl-N-(2-oxo-2-((2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)amino)ethyl)benzamide
InChi Key: MLBZKOGAMRTSKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code: InChI=1S/C22H17Cl2F6N3O3/c1-11-4-12(2-3-16(11)19(35)31-9-18(34)32-10-21(25,26)27)17-8-20(36-33-17,22(28,29)30)13-5-14(23)7-15(24)6-13/h2-7H,8-10H2,1H3,(H,31,35)(H,32,34)
SMILES Code: O=C(NCC(NCC(F)(F)F)=O)C1=CC=C(C2=NOC(C(F)(F)F)(C3=CC(Cl)=CC(Cl)=C3)C2)C=C1C
Appearance: Solid powder
Purity: >98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition: Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition: Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility: Soluble in DMSO, not in water
Shelf Life: >2 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation: This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage: 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code: 2934.99.9001
More Info:
| Biological target: | Fluralaner (INN) blocks GABA and L-glutamate gated chloride channels. |
| In vitro activity: | Examination of the paraffin sections stained by H& E of the treated protoscolices after 1-h incubation with fluralaner, showed morphological alterations in comparison to control samples. Control protoscolices were clear and intact with clear hooks, and suction cups and the calcareous corpuscles were visible. Protoscolices incubated with 12.5 ug/ml of the drug (lowest concentration) showed vacuole formation and areas of discontinuation of the cuticle and multiple deformities. In contrast, those incubated with 100 ug/ml (highest concentration) showed complete loss of integrity (loss of hooks, scolex, and suction cup) (Fig. 3). Reference: J Parasit Dis. 2020 Jun; 44(2): 411–419. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7244642/ |
| In vivo activity: | TBD |
| Solvent | Max Conc. mg/mL | Max Conc. mM | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Solubility | |||
| DMSO | 150.0 | 269.65 | |
| Ethanol | 25.0 | 44.94 |
The following data is based on the product molecular weight 556.29 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.
| Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 mM | 1.15 mL | 5.76 mL | 11.51 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.23 mL | 1.15 mL | 2.3 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.12 mL | 0.58 mL | 1.15 mL |
| 50 mM | 0.02 mL | 0.12 mL | 0.23 mL |
| Formulation protocol: | 1. Zahran F, Ezz El-Din HM, Shehata MAS. Study on the effect of an ion channel inhibitor "Fluralaner" on Echinococcus granulosus protoscolices and metacestode layers in vitro. J Parasit Dis. 2020 Jun;44(2):411-419. doi: 10.1007/s12639-020-01224-6. Epub 2020 Apr 24. PMID: 32508416; PMCID: PMC7244642. |
| In vitro protocol: | 1. Zahran F, Ezz El-Din HM, Shehata MAS. Study on the effect of an ion channel inhibitor "Fluralaner" on Echinococcus granulosus protoscolices and metacestode layers in vitro. J Parasit Dis. 2020 Jun;44(2):411-419. doi: 10.1007/s12639-020-01224-6. Epub 2020 Apr 24. PMID: 32508416; PMCID: PMC7244642. |
| In vivo protocol: | TBD |
1: Walther FM, Allan MJ, Roepke RK. Plasma pharmacokinetic profile of fluralaner (Bravecto™) and ivermectin following concurrent administration to dogs. Parasit Vectors. 2015 Oct 6;8:508. doi: 10.1186/s13071-015-1123-8. PubMed PMID: 26438338; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4595236.
2: Fisara P, Shipstone M, von Berky A, von Berky J. A small-scale open-label study of the treatment of canine flea allergy dermatitis with fluralaner. Vet Dermatol. 2015 Dec;26(6):417-e98. doi: 10.1111/vde.12249. Epub 2015 Aug 13. PubMed PMID: 26271195.
3: Dryden MW, Smith V, Bennett T, Math L, Kallman J, Heaney K, Sun F. Erratum to: Efficacy of fluralaner flavored chews (Bravecto) administered to dogs against the adult cat flea, Ctenocephalides felis felis and egg production. Parasit Vectors. 2015 Jul 31;8:405. doi: 10.1186/s13071-015-1014-z. PubMed PMID: 26231848; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4521361.
4: Dryden MW, Smith V, Bennett T, Math L, Kallman J, Heaney K, Sun F. Efficacy of fluralaner flavored chews (Bravecto) administered to dogs against the adult cat flea, Ctenocephalides felis felis and egg production. Parasit Vectors. 2015 Jul 11;8:364. doi: 10.1186/s13071-015-0965-4. Erratum in: Parasit Vectors. 2015;8:405. PubMed PMID: 26160349; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4498502.
5: Ohmes CM, Hostetler J, Davis WL, Settje T, McMinn A, Everett WR. Comparative Efficacy of an Imidacloprid/Flumethrin Collar (Seresto®) and an Oral Fluralaner Chewable Tablet (Bravecto®) against Tick (Dermacentor variabilis and Amblyomma americanum) Infestations on Dogs: a Randomised Controlled Trial. Parasitol Res. 2015 Aug;114 Suppl 1:S95-108. doi: 10.1007/s00436-015-4516-x. PubMed PMID: 26152411.
6: Williams H, Demeler J, Taenzler J, Roepke RK, Zschiesche E, Heckeroth AR. A quantitative evaluation of the extent of fluralaner uptake by ticks (Ixodes ricinus, Ixodes scapularis) in fluralaner (Bravecto) treated vs. untreated dogs using the parameters tick weight and coxal index. Parasit Vectors. 2015 Jun 30;8:352. doi: 10.1186/s13071-015-0963-6. PubMed PMID: 26123249; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4488133.
7: Taenzler J, Liebenberg J, Roepke RK, Heckeroth AR. Prevention of transmission of Babesia canis by Dermacentor reticulatus ticks to dogs treated orally with fluralaner chewable tablets (Bravecto™). Parasit Vectors. 2015 Jun 4;8:305. doi: 10.1186/s13071-015-0923-1. PubMed PMID: 26040319; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4465614.
8: Emmerich IU. [New drugs for small animals in 2014]. Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere. 2015;43(3):170-80. doi: 10.15654/TPK-150260. Epub 2015 May 27. German. PubMed PMID: 26013709.
9: Fisara P, Webster M. A randomized controlled trial of the efficacy of orally administered fluralaner (Bravecto™) against induced Ixodes holocyclus (Australian paralysis tick) infestations on dogs. Parasit Vectors. 2015 May 1;8:257. doi: 10.1186/s13071-015-0864-8. PubMed PMID: 25927366; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4424825.
10: Williams H, Zoller H, Roepke RK, Zschiesche E, Heckeroth AR. Fluralaner activity against life stages of ticks using Rhipicephalus sanguineus and Ornithodoros moubata IN in vitro contact and feeding assays. Parasit Vectors. 2015 Feb 8;8:90. doi: 10.1186/s13071-015-0704-x. PubMed PMID: 25888750; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4326483.
11: Fourie JJ, Liebenberg JE, Horak IG, Taenzler J, Heckeroth AR, Frénais R. Efficacy of orally administered fluralaner (Bravecto™) or topically applied imidacloprid/moxidectin (Advocate®) against generalized demodicosis in dogs. Parasit Vectors. 2015 Mar 28;8:187. doi: 10.1186/s13071-015-0775-8. PubMed PMID: 25881320; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4394402.
12: Beugnet F, Liebenberg J, Halos L. Comparative efficacy of two oral treatments for dogs containing either afoxolaner or fluralaner against Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato and Dermacentor reticulatus. Vet Parasitol. 2015 Apr 15;209(1-2):142-5. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.02.002. Epub 2015 Feb 12. PubMed PMID: 25716658.
13: Beugnet F, Liebenberg J, Halos L. Comparative speed of efficacy against Ctenocephalides felis of two oral treatments for dogs containing either afoxolaner or fluralaner. Vet Parasitol. 2015 Jan 30;207(3-4):297-301. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2014.12.007. Epub 2014 Dec 19. PubMed PMID: 25564276.
14: Taenzler J, Wengenmayer C, Williams H, Fourie J, Zschiesche E, Roepke RK, Heckeroth AR. Onset of activity of fluralaner (BRAVECTO™) against Ctenocephalides felis on dogs. Parasit Vectors. 2014 Dec 4;7:567. doi: 10.1186/s13071-014-0567-6. PubMed PMID: 25471474; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4263043.
15: Wengenmayer C, Williams H, Zschiesche E, Moritz A, Langenstein J, Roepke RK, Heckeroth AR. The speed of kill of fluralaner (Bravecto™) against Ixodes ricinus ticks on dogs. Parasit Vectors. 2014 Nov 18;7:525. doi: 10.1186/s13071-014-0525-3. PubMed PMID: 25406442; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4247686.
16: Walther FM, Fisara P, Allan MJ, Roepke RK, Nuernberger MC. Safety of concurrent treatment of dogs with fluralaner (Bravecto™) and milbemycin oxime-praziquantel. Parasit Vectors. 2014 Oct 15;7:481. doi: 10.1186/s13071-014-0481-y. PubMed PMID: 25315498; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4198702.
17: Meadows C, Guerino F, Sun F. A randomized, blinded, controlled USA field study to assess the use of fluralaner tablets in controlling canine flea infestations. Parasit Vectors. 2014 Aug 16;7:375. doi: 10.1186/1756-3305-7-375. PubMed PMID: 25129395; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4150936.
18: Williams H, Young DR, Qureshi T, Zoller H, Heckeroth AR. Fluralaner, a novel isoxazoline, prevents flea (Ctenocephalides felis) reproduction in vitro and in a simulated home environment. Parasit Vectors. 2014 Jun 19;7:275. doi: 10.1186/1756-3305-7-275. PubMed PMID: 24946811; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4067686.
19: Walther FM, Fisara P, Allan MJ, Roepke RK, Nuernberger MC. Safety of the concurrent treatment of dogs with Bravecto (fluralaner) and Scalibor protectorband (deltamethrin). Parasit Vectors. 2014 Mar 19;7:105. doi: 10.1186/1756-3305-7-105. PubMed PMID: 24646450; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3972964.
20: Walther FM, Allan MJ, Roepke RK, Nuernberger MC. Safety of fluralaner chewable tablets (Bravecto), a novel systemic antiparasitic drug, in dogs after oral administration. Parasit Vectors. 2014 Mar 7;7:87. doi: 10.1186/1756-3305-7-87. PubMed PMID: 24606886; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3975339.
