WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.
Hodoodo CAT#: H318250
CAS#: 73232-52-7
Description: Methylnaltrexone, used in form of methylnaltrexone bromide (INN, USAN, BAN), is one of the newer agents of peripherally-acting μ-opioid antagonists that act to reverse some of the side effects of opioid drugs such as constipation without affecting analgesia or precipitating withdrawals. Because Methylnaltrexone is a quaternary ammonium cation, it cannot cross the blood–brain barrier, and so has antagonist effects throughout the body, counteracting effects such as itching and constipation, but without affecting opioid effects in the brain such as analgesia.
Hodoodo Cat#: H318250
Name: Methylnaltrexone bromide
CAS#: 73232-52-7
Chemical Formula: C21H26BrNO4
Exact Mass: 0.00
Molecular Weight: 436.346
Elemental Analysis: C, 57.81; H, 6.01; Br, 18.31; N, 3.21; O, 14.67
Synonym: MOA-728; MOA 728; MOA728; Methylnaltrexone, Relistor, MRZ-2663, Naltrexone MB, MNTX; Methylnaltrexone bromide.
IUPAC/Chemical Name: (4R,4aS,7aR,12bS)-3-(cyclopropylmethyl)-4a,9-dihydroxy-3-methyl-7-oxo-2,3,4,4a,5,6,7,7a-octahydro-1H-4,12-methanobenzofuro[3,2-e]isoquinolin-3-ium bromide
InChi Key: IFGIYSGOEZJNBE-KNLJMPJLSA-N
InChi Code: InChI=1S/C21H25NO4.BrH/c1-22(11-12-2-3-12)9-8-20-17-13-4-5-14(23)18(17)26-19(20)15(24)6-7-21(20,25)16(22)10-13;/h4-5,12,16,19,25H,2-3,6-11H2,1H3;1H/t16-,19+,20+,21-,22?;/m1./s1
SMILES Code: O=C1[C@@](OC2=C(O)C=CC3=C24)([H])[C@@]54CC[N+](C)(CC6CC6)[C@@](C3)([H])[C@]5(O)CC1.[Br-]
Appearance: Solid powder
Purity: >98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition: Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition: Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility: Soluble in DMSO, not in water
Shelf Life: >2 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation: This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage: 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code: 2934.99.9001
More Info:
Biological target: | |
In vitro activity: | |
In vivo activity: |
The following data is based on the product molecular weight 436.35 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.
Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
---|---|---|---|
1 mM | 1.15 mL | 5.76 mL | 11.51 mL |
5 mM | 0.23 mL | 1.15 mL | 2.3 mL |
10 mM | 0.12 mL | 0.58 mL | 1.15 mL |
50 mM | 0.02 mL | 0.12 mL | 0.23 mL |
Formulation protocol: | |
In vitro protocol: | |
In vivo protocol: |
1: Rauck RL. Treatment of opioid-induced constipation: focus on the peripheral μ-opioid receptor antagonist methylnaltrexone. Drugs. 2013 Aug;73(12):1297-306. doi: 10.1007/s40265-013-0084-5. Review. PubMed PMID: 23881667.
2: Grover M, Camilleri M. Treatment with Methylnaltrexone and IVIG for Paraneoplastic Gastrointestinal Dysmotility. Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y). 2013 Jan;9(1):51-3. Review. PubMed PMID: 24707236; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3975980.
3: Bader S, Dürk T, Becker G. Methylnaltrexone for the treatment of opioid-induced constipation. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013 Jan;7(1):13-26. doi: 10.1586/egh.12.63. Review. PubMed PMID: 23265145.
4: Brick N. Laxatives or methylnaltrexone for the management of constipation in palliative care patients. Clin J Oncol Nurs. 2013 Feb;17(1):91-2. doi: 10.1188/13.CJON.91-92. Review. PubMed PMID: 23372103.
5: Gatti A, Sabato AF. Management of opioid-induced constipation in cancer patients: focus on methylnaltrexone. Clin Drug Investig. 2012 May 1;32(5):293-301. doi: 10.2165/11598000-000000000-00000. Review. PubMed PMID: 22413747.
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8: Candy B, Jones L, Goodman ML, Drake R, Tookman A. Laxatives or methylnaltrexone for the management of constipation in palliative care patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011 Jan 19;(1):CD003448. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003448.pub3. Review. Update in: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;5:CD003448. PubMed PMID: 21249653.
9: Garnock-Jones KP, McKeage K. Methylnaltrexone. Drugs. 2010 May 7;70(7):919-28. doi: 10.2165/11204520-000000000-00000. Review. PubMed PMID: 20426500.
10: Chappell D, Conzen P. [Methylnaltrexone. A new approach for therapy of opioid-induced obstipation]. Schmerz. 2009 Oct;23(5):471-8. doi: 10.1007/s00482-009-0824-3. Review. German. PubMed PMID: 19690895.
11: Diego L, Atayee R, Helmons P, von Gunten CF. Methylnaltrexone: a novel approach for the management of opioid-induced constipation in patients with advanced illness. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2009 Oct;3(5):473-85. doi: 10.1586/egh.09.42. Review. PubMed PMID: 19817669.
12: Kast RE. Use of FDA approved methamphetamine to allow adjunctive use of methylnaltrexone to mediate core anti-growth factor signaling effects in glioblastoma. J Neurooncol. 2009 Sep;94(2):163-7. doi: 10.1007/s11060-009-9863-y. Epub 2009 Mar 26. Review. PubMed PMID: 19322519.
13: Baker DE. Methylnaltrexone bromide: new drug for the treatment of opioid-induced bowel dysfunction. Rev Gastroenterol Disord. 2009 Summer;9(3):E84-93. Review. PubMed PMID: 19898269.
14: Hendrikx JJ, Beijnen JH, Schellens JH. Methylnaltrexone. Oncologist. 2009 Jul;14(7):679-82. doi: 10.1634/theoncologist.2009-0049. Epub 2009 Jul 15. Review. PubMed PMID: 19605844.
15: Cannom RR, Mason RJ. Methylnaltrexone: the answer to opioid-induced constipation? Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2009 Apr;10(6):1039-45. doi: 10.1517/14656560902833914 . Review. PubMed PMID: 19364251.
16: Reichle FM, Conzen PF. Methylnaltrexone, a new peripheral mu-receptor antagonist for the prevention and treatment of opioid-induced extracerebral side effects. Curr Opin Investig Drugs. 2008 Jan;9(1):90-100. Review. PubMed PMID: 18183536.
17: Shaiova L, Rim F, Friedman D, Jahdi M. A review of methylnaltrexone, a peripheral opioid receptor antagonist, and its role in opioid-induced constipation. Palliat Support Care. 2007 Jun;5(2):161-6. Review. PubMed PMID: 17578067.
18: Yuan CS. Methylnaltrexone mechanisms of action and effects on opioid bowel dysfunction and other opioid adverse effects. Ann Pharmacother. 2007 Jun;41(6):984-93. Epub 2007 May 15. Review. PubMed PMID: 17504835.
19: Methylnaltrexone: MNTX. Drugs R D. 2006;7(6):374-8. Review. PubMed PMID: 17073520.
20: Yuan CS. Clinical status of methylnaltrexone, a new agent to prevent and manage opioid-induced side effects. J Support Oncol. 2004 Mar-Apr;2(2):111-7; discussion 119-22. Review. PubMed PMID: 15328815.