WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.
Hodoodo CAT#: H317951
CAS#: 43229-80-7 (fumarate)
Description: Formoterol Fumarate is a potent β-AR adrenoceptor agonist with a prolonged duration of action. This compound demonstrates a 330-fold selectivity for β2 over β1 receptors. Formoterol Fumarate has been reported to be 150-200 times more potent than isoprenaline. This agent has also been noted to reduce the loss of muscle mass in murine models. And, it is used to manage asthma and in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Hodoodo Cat#: H317951
Name: Formoterol Fumarate
CAS#: 43229-80-7 (fumarate)
Chemical Formula: C23H28N2O8
Exact Mass: 0.00
Molecular Weight: 460.480
Elemental Analysis: C, 59.99; H, 6.13; N, 6.08; O, 27.80
Related CAS #: 43229-80-7 (fumarate) 73573-87-2 (free base) 183814-30-4 (fumarate)
Synonym: Formoterol Fumarate; Aformoterol; CHEBI:63108; Atock; Foradil Aerolizer; Foradil formoterol, ((R*,R*)-(+-))-isomer; Oxis; formoterol fumarate, ((R*,R*)-(+-))-isomer;
IUPAC/Chemical Name: (E)-but-2-enedioic acid;N-[2-hydroxy-5-[(1R)-1-hydroxy-2-[[(2R)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]amino]ethyl]phenyl]formamide
InChi Key: OBRNDARFFFHCGE-QDSVTUBZSA-N
InChi Code: InChI=1S/2C19H24N2O4.C4H4O4/c2*1-13(9-14-3-6-16(25-2)7-4-14)20-11-19(24)15-5-8-18(23)17(10-15)21-12-22;5-3(6)1-2-4(7)8/h2*3-8,10,12-13,19-20,23-24H,9,11H2,1-2H3,(H,21,22);1-2H,(H,5,6)(H,7,8)/b;;2-1+/t2*13-,19+;/m11./s1
SMILES Code: C[C@H](CC1=CC=C(C=C1)OC)NC[C@@H](C2=CC(=C(C=C2)O)NC=O)O.C[C@H](CC1=CC=C(C=C1)OC)NC[C@@H](C2=CC(=C(C=C2)O)NC=O)O.C(=C/C(=O)O)\C(=O)O
Appearance: Solid powder
Purity: >98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition: Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition: Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility: Soluble in DMSO, not in water
Shelf Life: >2 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation: This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage: 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code: 2934.99.9001
More Info:
| Biological target: | Formoterol Hemifumarate (Eformoterol, CGP 25827A, NSC 299587, YM 08316) is a potent, selective and long-acting β2-adrenoceptor agonist used in the management of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD). |
| In vitro activity: | To determine if maximal OCR levels can be further elevated, differentiated podocytes were treated with formoterol (30 nM), a potent inducer of MB, for 24 h and FCCP-induced OCR was determined. Formoterol further increased the maximum OCR, when compared to vehicle controls (Figure 2B), suggesting that formoterol induced MB in podocytes. To confirm formoterol-induced MB in podocytes, RNA was isolated from podocytes treated with formoterol (30 nM) for 24 h and qPCR (quantitative PCR) was performed to analyze various genes involved in mitochondrial function. Expression of PGC-1α, ATPase-6, mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b (MT-CYTB), and cytochrome c oxidase I (CO-I) were all increased (Figure 2C). Overall, these results provide evidence of pharmacological induction of MB by formoterol in podocytes. Reference: Kidney Int. 2019 Sep; 96(3): 656–673. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6708766/ |
| In vivo activity: | Treatment with formoterol of cachectic rats attenuated inflammatory cell counts in the study muscles, especially in the diaphragm (Figs. 3A–3D). No significant differences were seen in any of these markers in respiratory or limb muscles between non-cachexia controls and non-cachexia control-formoterol animals (Figs. 3A–3D). Reference: PeerJ. 2017; 5: e4109. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5732544/ |
| Solvent | Max Conc. mg/mL | Max Conc. mM | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Solubility | |||
| DMSO | 98.0 | 212.82 |
The following data is based on the product molecular weight 460.48 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.
| Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 mM | 1.15 mL | 5.76 mL | 11.51 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.23 mL | 1.15 mL | 2.3 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.12 mL | 0.58 mL | 1.15 mL |
| 50 mM | 0.02 mL | 0.12 mL | 0.23 mL |
| Formulation protocol: | 1. Arif E, Solanki AK, Srivastava P, Rahman B, Fitzgibbon WR, Deng P, Budisavljevic MN, Baicu CF, Zile MR, Megyesi J, Janech MG, Kwon SH, Collier J, Schnellmann RG, Nihalani D. Mitochondrial biogenesis induced by the β2-adrenergic receptor agonist formoterol accelerates podocyte recovery from glomerular injury. Kidney Int. 2019 Sep;96(3):656-673. doi: 10.1016/j.kint.2019.03.023. Epub 2019 May 6. PMID: 31262488; PMCID: PMC6708766. 2. Salazar-Degracia A, Busquets S, Argilés JM, López-Soriano FJ, Barreiro E. Formoterol attenuates increased oxidative stress and myosin protein loss in respiratory and limb muscles of cancer cachectic rats. PeerJ. 2017 Dec 13;5:e4109. doi: 10.7717/peerj.4109. PMID: 29255650; PMCID: PMC5732544. |
| In vitro protocol: | 1. Arif E, Solanki AK, Srivastava P, Rahman B, Fitzgibbon WR, Deng P, Budisavljevic MN, Baicu CF, Zile MR, Megyesi J, Janech MG, Kwon SH, Collier J, Schnellmann RG, Nihalani D. Mitochondrial biogenesis induced by the β2-adrenergic receptor agonist formoterol accelerates podocyte recovery from glomerular injury. Kidney Int. 2019 Sep;96(3):656-673. doi: 10.1016/j.kint.2019.03.023. Epub 2019 May 6. PMID: 31262488; PMCID: PMC6708766. |
| In vivo protocol: | 1. Salazar-Degracia A, Busquets S, Argilés JM, López-Soriano FJ, Barreiro E. Formoterol attenuates increased oxidative stress and myosin protein loss in respiratory and limb muscles of cancer cachectic rats. PeerJ. 2017 Dec 13;5:e4109. doi: 10.7717/peerj.4109. PMID: 29255650; PMCID: PMC5732544. |
1: D'Urzo AD, Singh D, Donohue JF, Chapman KR, Wise RA. Aclidinium bromide/formoterol fumarate as a treatment for COPD: an update. Expert Rev Respir Med. 2021 Sep;15(9):1093-1106. doi: 10.1080/17476348.2021.1920403. Epub 2021 Jun 17. PMID: 34137664.
2: Grillet PE, Le Souder C, Rohou J, Cazorla O, Charriot J, Bourdin A. Glycopyrrolate and formoterol fumarate for the treatment of COPD. Expert Rev Respir Med. 2021 Jan;15(1):13-25. doi: 10.1080/17476348.2020.1807946. Epub 2020 Oct 12. PMID: 32772582.
3: Heo YA. Budesonide/Glycopyrronium/Formoterol: A Review in COPD. Drugs. 2021 Aug;81(12):1411-1422. doi: 10.1007/s40265-021-01562-6. Epub 2021 Aug 3. Erratum in: Drugs. 2021 Sep;81(14):1699. PMID: 34342835; PMCID: PMC8384783.
4: Bourdin A, Molinari N, Ferguson GT, Singh B, Siddiqui MK, Holmgren U, Ouwens M, Jenkins M, De Nigris E. Efficacy and Safety of Budesonide/Glycopyrronium/Formoterol Fumarate versus Other Triple Combinations in COPD: A Systematic Literature Review and Network Meta-analysis. Adv Ther. 2021 Jun;38(6):3089-3112. doi: 10.1007/s12325-021-01703-z. Epub 2021 Apr 30. PMID: 33929661; PMCID: PMC8189959.
5: Rabe KF, Martinez FJ, Ferguson GT, Wang C, Singh D, Wedzicha JA, Trivedi R, St Rose E, Ballal S, McLaren J, Darken P, Reisner C, Dorinsky P. A phase III study of triple therapy with budesonide/glycopyrrolate/formoterol fumarate metered dose inhaler 320/18/9.6 μg and 160/18/9.6 μg using co-suspension delivery technology in moderate-to-very severe COPD: The ETHOS study protocol. Respir Med. 2019 Oct-Nov;158:59-66. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2019.08.010. Epub 2019 Aug 22. PMID: 31605923.
6: Wolthers OD. Budesonide + formoterol fumarate dihydrate for the treatment of asthma. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2016;17(7):1023-30. doi: 10.1517/14656566.2016.1165207. Epub 2016 Apr 12. PMID: 27070946.
7: O'Byrne PM, FitzGerald JM, Bateman ED, Barnes PJ, Zhong N, Keen C, Jorup C, Lamarca R, Ivanov S, Reddel HK. Inhaled Combined Budesonide-Formoterol as Needed in Mild Asthma. N Engl J Med. 2018 May 17;378(20):1865-1876. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1715274. PMID: 29768149.
8: Beasley R, Holliday M, Reddel HK, Braithwaite I, Ebmeier S, Hancox RJ, Harrison T, Houghton C, Oldfield K, Papi A, Pavord ID, Williams M, Weatherall M; Novel START Study Team. Controlled Trial of Budesonide-Formoterol as Needed for Mild Asthma. N Engl J Med. 2019 May 23;380(21):2020-2030. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1901963. Epub 2019 May 19. PMID: 31112386.
9: Reddel HK, Bateman ED, Schatz M, Krishnan JA, Cloutier MM. A Practical Guide to Implementing SMART in Asthma Management. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2022 Jan;10(1S):S31-S38. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2021.10.011. Epub 2021 Oct 16. PMID: 34666208.
10: Nigro SC, Sobieraj DM. Budesonide/Glycopyrrolate/Formoterol Fumarate Co- suspension Metered Dose Inhaler: A Triple Therapy for the Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Ann Pharmacother. 2022 May;56(5):582-591. doi: 10.1177/10600280211038353. Epub 2021 Aug 12. PMID: 34382422.
11: Haley R, Gupta N, Sethi S. Aclidinium bromide and formoterol fumarate for the maintenance treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol. 2020 Feb;13(2):103-113. doi: 10.1080/17512433.2020.1717334. Epub 2020 Jan 29. PMID: 31951778.
12: Levy ML, Bacharier LB, Bateman E, Boulet LP, Brightling C, Buhl R, Brusselle G, Cruz AA, Drazen JM, Duijts L, Fleming L, Inoue H, Ko FWS, Krishnan JA, Mortimer K, Pitrez PM, Sheikh A, Yorgancıoğlu A, Reddel HK. Key recommendations for primary care from the 2022 Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) update. NPJ Prim Care Respir Med. 2023 Feb 8;33(1):7. doi: 10.1038/s41533-023-00330-1. PMID: 36754956; PMCID: PMC9907191.
13: Bateman ED, Reddel HK, O'Byrne PM, Barnes PJ, Zhong N, Keen C, Jorup C, Lamarca R, Siwek-Posluszna A, FitzGerald JM. As-Needed Budesonide-Formoterol versus Maintenance Budesonide in Mild Asthma. N Engl J Med. 2018 May 17;378(20):1877-1887. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1715275. PMID: 29768147.
14: Kupczyk M, Kuna P. Beclomethasone dipropionate, formoterol fumarate and glycopyrronium bromide as a combination therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Expert Rev Respir Med. 2019 Jan;13(1):5-11. doi: 10.1080/17476348.2019.1548937. Epub 2018 Nov 27. PMID: 30463457.
15: Crisafulli E, Zanini A, Pisi G, Pignatti P, Poli G, Scuri M, Chetta A. Inhaled beclometasone dipropionate/formoterol fumarate extrafine fixed combination for the treatment of asthma. Expert Rev Respir Med. 2016;10(5):481-90. doi: 10.1586/17476348.2016.1161508. Epub 2016 Mar 16. PMID: 26938578.
16: Dhungana S, Criner GJ. Spotlight on glycopyrronium/formoterol fumarate inhalation aerosol in the management of COPD: design, development, and place in therapy. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2017 Aug 3;12:2307-2312. doi: 10.2147/COPD.S89482. PMID: 28814858; PMCID: PMC5546727.
17: Corradi M, Spinola M, Petruzzelli S, Kuna P. High-dose beclometasone dipropionate/formoterol fumarate in fixed-dose combination for the treatment of asthma. Ther Adv Respir Dis. 2016 Oct;10(5):492-502. doi: 10.1177/1753465816654442. Epub 2016 Jun 23. PMID: 27340255; PMCID: PMC5933614.
18: Al-Salama ZT, Frampton JE. Glycopyrronium/Formoterol: A Review in COPD. Drugs. 2019 Sep;79(13):1455-1466. doi: 10.1007/s40265-019-01186-x. PMID: 31468315.
19: Singh D, Corradi M, Spinola M, Petruzzelli S, Papi A. Extrafine beclometasone diproprionate/formoterol fumarate: a review of its effects in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. NPJ Prim Care Respir Med. 2016 Jun 16;26:16030. doi: 10.1038/npjpcrm.2016.30. PMID: 27309985; PMCID: PMC4910970.
20: D'Urzo AD, Singh D, Donohue JF, Chapman KR. Aclidinium bromide in fixed-dose combination with formoterol fumarate in the management of COPD: an update on the evidence base. Ther Adv Respir Dis. 2019 Jan-Dec;13:1753466619850725. doi: 10.1177/1753466619850725. PMID: 31096854; PMCID: PMC6535700.
