WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.
Hodoodo CAT#: H598387
CAS#: 54-05-7 (free base)
Description: Chloroquine is a medication used to prevent and to treat malaria in areas where malaria is known to be sensitive to its effects. Certain types of malaria, resistant strains, and complicated cases typically require different or additional medication. It is also occasionally used for amebiasis that is occurring outside the intestines, rheumatoid arthritis, and lupus erythematosus. Chloroquine enters the red blood cell, inhibiting the parasite cell and digestive vacuole by simple diffusion. Chloroquine then becomes protonated (to CQ2+), as the digestive vacuole is known to be acidic (pH 4.7); chloroquine then cannot leave by diffusion. Chloroquine caps hemozoin molecules to prevent further biocrystallization of heme, thus leading to heme buildup.
Hodoodo Cat#: H598387
Name: Chloroquine free base
CAS#: 54-05-7 (free base)
Chemical Formula: C18H26ClN3
Exact Mass: 319.18
Molecular Weight: 319.870
Elemental Analysis: C, 67.59; H, 8.19; Cl, 11.08; N, 13.14
Related CAS #: 54-05-7 (free base) 132-73-0 (sulfate) 1446-17-9 (phosphate) 3545-67-3 (HCl) 50-63-5 (diphosphate) 151-69-9 (acetate)
Synonym: Chloroquine; Imagon; RP 3377; RP-3377; RP3377; NSC 187208; NSC-187208; NSC187208;
IUPAC/Chemical Name: N4-(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)-N1,N1-diethylpentane-1,4-diamine
InChi Key: WHTVZRBIWZFKQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code: InChI=1S/C18H26ClN3/c1-4-22(5-2)12-6-7-14(3)21-17-10-11-20-18-13-15(19)8-9-16(17)18/h8-11,13-14H,4-7,12H2,1-3H3,(H,20,21)
SMILES Code: CC(NC1=CC=NC2=CC(Cl)=CC=C12)CCCN(CC)CC
Appearance: Solid powder
Purity: >98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition: Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition: Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility: Soluble in DMSO
Shelf Life: >3 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation: This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage: 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code: 2934.99.03.00
More Info:
| Biological target: | Chloroquine is an autophagy and toll-like receptors (TLRs) inhibitor. |
| In vitro activity: | This study first tested the cytotoxicity of CQ (Chloroquine) on OS cells using the CCk-8 assay, and the results showed cell viability at 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h in a concentration gradient of CQ (Figure 1A), and the IC50 values at 24 h and 48 h in 143B and U-2OS cells (Figure 1B). Specifically, the IC50 value in 143B at 24h and 48h were 53.06 μM and 24.54 μM respectively, and were 66.3 μM and 27.81 μM in U2OS, respectively. As illustrated in Figure 1C, the proliferation of OS cells was significantly inhibited by CQ with increasing concentration. Furthermore, the flow cytometry results showed that with increasing CQ concentration, more apoptosis occurred in OS cells (Figure 1D). These results indicated that CQ was cytotoxic to OS cells, inhibited their proliferation and induced apoptosis in vitro in a dose-and time-dependent manner. Reference: Aging (Albany NY). 2021 Jun 24;13. https://www.aging-us.com/article/203196/text |
| In vivo activity: | Invasive therapy was applied to investigate the effect of CQ (chloroquine diphosphate) on liver cancer. The results demonstrated that the two drug doses (0.5 and 1.5 mg/kg) used inhibited tumor size (Fig. 3A and B) and weight (Fig. 3C), compared with results in control rats. Subsequently, to further investigate the effect of CQ on the expression of liver cancer markers, the expression levels of the liver cancer stem cell markers, including keratin 19 (K19) and sox9, were determined (24). RT-qPCR results revealed that CQ (1.5 mg/kg) downregulated the expression of K19 and sox9 (Fig. 3D and E). Concerning the survival rate of rats, 7/10, 3/10 and 1/10 rats died in the control group, 0.5 (low-dose) and 1.5 mg/kg (high-dose) CQ treatment groups, respectively (Fig. 4B). Reference: Oncol Lett. 2021 Mar;21(3):233. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7856698/ |
| Solvent | Max Conc. mg/mL | Max Conc. mM | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Solubility | |||
| DMSO | 82.0 | 256.35 | |
| Ethanol | 82.0 | 256.35 | |
| Water | 1.0 | 3.13 |
The following data is based on the product molecular weight 319.87 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.
| Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 mM | 1.15 mL | 5.76 mL | 11.51 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.23 mL | 1.15 mL | 2.3 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.12 mL | 0.58 mL | 1.15 mL |
| 50 mM | 0.02 mL | 0.12 mL | 0.23 mL |
| Formulation protocol: | 1. Chen C, Zhang H, Yu Y, Huang Q, Wang W, Niu J, Lou J, Ren T, Huang Y, Guo W. Chloroquine suppresses proliferation and invasion and induces apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells associated with inhibition of phosphorylation of STAT3. Aging (Albany NY). 2021 Jun 24;13. doi: 10.18632/aging.203196. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34170850. 2. Han NR, Ko SG, Moon PD, Park HJ. Chloroquine attenuates thymic stromal lymphopoietin production via suppressing caspase-1 signaling in mast cells. Biomed Pharmacother. 2021 Jun 17;141:111835. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111835. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34146852. 3. Hao X, Li W. Chloroquine diphosphate suppresses liver cancer via inducing apoptosis in Wistar rats using interventional therapy. Oncol Lett. 2021 Mar;21(3):233. doi: 10.3892/ol.2021.12494. Epub 2021 Jan 26. PMID: 33613722; PMCID: PMC7856698. 4. Vergote V, Laenen L, Mols R, Augustijns P, Van Ranst M, Maes P. Chloroquine, an Anti-Malaria Drug as Effective Prevention for Hantavirus Infections. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2021 Mar 15;11:580532. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.580532. PMID: 33791230; PMCID: PMC8006394. |
| In vitro protocol: | 1. Chen C, Zhang H, Yu Y, Huang Q, Wang W, Niu J, Lou J, Ren T, Huang Y, Guo W. Chloroquine suppresses proliferation and invasion and induces apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells associated with inhibition of phosphorylation of STAT3. Aging (Albany NY). 2021 Jun 24;13. doi: 10.18632/aging.203196. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34170850. 2. Han NR, Ko SG, Moon PD, Park HJ. Chloroquine attenuates thymic stromal lymphopoietin production via suppressing caspase-1 signaling in mast cells. Biomed Pharmacother. 2021 Jun 17;141:111835. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111835. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34146852. |
| In vivo protocol: | 1. Hao X, Li W. Chloroquine diphosphate suppresses liver cancer via inducing apoptosis in Wistar rats using interventional therapy. Oncol Lett. 2021 Mar;21(3):233. doi: 10.3892/ol.2021.12494. Epub 2021 Jan 26. PMID: 33613722; PMCID: PMC7856698. 2. Vergote V, Laenen L, Mols R, Augustijns P, Van Ranst M, Maes P. Chloroquine, an Anti-Malaria Drug as Effective Prevention for Hantavirus Infections. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2021 Mar 15;11:580532. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.580532. PMID: 33791230; PMCID: PMC8006394. |
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